Waveform Quality + Code Domain Measurement Description

Code Domain Power Graphical Display

• The x axis always has a resolution of 16 walsh codes (corresponding to the spreading factor (SF) 16 for subtype 0 physical layer ) or 32 walsh codes (corresponding to the SF 32 for subtype 2 physical layer ).

  Note that the Walsh codes are not displayed in sequential order of 0 to 15 or 0 to 31, but rather in bit reversed order (see Bit reversal ). This ordering allows for a reverse channel occupying more walsh codes grouped together to form one contiguous wide bar (called a bin) on the display. As shown in the figure above, Q:2 _SF16 , Q:10 _SF16 , Q:6 _SF16 , and Q:14 _SF16 constitute subtype 0 R-Data (Q:2 _SF4 ). See also Subtype 0 Reverse Channel Walsh Code Distribution .

• The height of the histogram bars indicates power level on that walsh code. A red histogram bar indicates that the Walsh code is active. A yellow bar indicates that the Walsh code is inactive (noise).

• Marker: A marker can be positioned on any of the 16 or 32 Walsh codes and it applies to both the I and the Q graphs simultaneously. When the marker is positioned on a single walsh code, the power of that walsh code is displayed in dB. For example, for subtype 0 physical layer, if you select Walsh code I:4, the power in I:4 _SF16 is displayed. In subtype 2 physical layer, if you select Walsh code I:4, the power in I:4 _SF32 is displayed.

  The maker power (in dB) is the average power in the Walsh code integrated over a slot, divided by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. This power level includes any desired signal as well as noise present in the selected Walsh code (SF = 16 or 32).

  For a reverse channel occupying more than one SF 16 or 32 walsh codes, the test set measures the power in all of the Walsh codes for that reverse channel, then determines and reports the average power present in each of the Walsh codes for that reverse channel. For example, for subtype 0 physical layer, the R-ACK channel (I:4 _SF8 ) encompasses both I:4 _SF16 and I:12 _SF16 . The test set thus measures the power in I:4 _SF16 and I:12 _SF16 , then divides by 2 to determine the average power in each of these Walsh codes. The marker powers reported for Walsh codes I:4 _SF16 and I:12 _SF16 are thus always identical.

• Bin Delta Pilot ( only available for subtype 2 physical layer R-Data channel )

  For the subtype 2 physical layer, the R-Data channel may comprise one, two or four walsh channels (I:2 _SF=4 , Q:2 _SF=4 , I:1 _SF=2 , Q:1 _SF=2 , see Subtype 2 R-Data Packet Size, Modulation Type and Walsh Codes for details). When you place a marker on a walsh code belonging to any of the walsh channel of R-Data channel, the Bin Pilot result (normalized total code domain power of the walsh channel relative to R-Pilot) is also displayed following the Marker power result. For details on how this result is derived, see Delta Pilot (Normalized Total CDP Relative to R-Pilot) . This new result is required for the R-Data code domain power test as defined in the C.S0033-A 4.8.3.3.

  The figure below is an example display for subtype 2 physical layer R-Data channel (with R-Data packet size of 6144 bits) assigned with I:2 _SF=4 , Q:2 _SF=4 , I:1 _SF=2 and Q:1 _SF=2 walsh channels.

  

Code Domain Power Tabular Data

The table below the graph provides code domain power measurement results for each of the reverse channels. The subtype 0 reverse channels include R-Pilot, R-RRI, R-DRC, R-ACK and R-Data and subtype 2 reverse channels include R-Pilot, R-Aux Pilot R-RRI, R-DSC, R-DRC, R-ACK and R-Data. For details, see Reverse Channel Overview .

The measurement results are as follows:

• Walsh

  This column reports whether the channel resides on I or Q, and at what Walsh code.
  Note: For subtype 2 physical layer, the modulation type of the R-Data is displayed here which indirectly determines the I/Q channel, Walsh code and spreading factor (SF) being used. For example, Q4Q2 indicates QPSK modulation with both a 4 bit (SF=4) and a 2 bit (SF=2) walsh code for spreading, applied to both I and Q channels. This results in R-Data encompassing I:2 _SF=4 , Q:2 _SF=4 , I:1 _SF=2 and Q:1 _SF=2 walsh channels. For details, see Subtype 2 R-Data Packet Size, Modulation Type and Walsh Codes .

• SF (Spread Factor)

  This column indicates the spread factor of the channel. It also indicates the length of the Walsh code (For example, spread factor 8 indicates the Walsh code is 8 digits in length).

  For subtype 2 physical layer, the SF for R-Data with modulation type other than B4 is not displayed because R-Data may be assigned to more than one walsh channels with different SF (see Subtype 2 R-Data Packet Size, Modulation Type and Walsh Codes for details).

  Note that the SF of the channel affects its bar width displayed on the graph. For subtype 0 physical layer, if the channel has a SF of 16, 8 or 4, it will occupy 1, 2, or 4 of the total 16 bars, respectively. For subtype 2 physical layer, if the channel has a SF of 32, 16, 8, 4 or 2, it will occupy 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 of the total 32 bars, respectively. For details, see Relationship Between Spread Factors and Walsh Code Space .

• CDP (Code Domain Power)

  This column indicates the average power in one of the channels' walsh code over a slot, divided by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. It may not equal to the Marker power if the channel is not transmitted at full slot. See the following table for details.

  Code Domain Power (CDP)

  Channel	Subtype 0 Physical Layer	Subtype 2 Physical Layer
  R-Pilot	The test set measures the power in Walsh code I:0 SF16 during the last 7/8 of the slot. Since the power in the first 1/8 of the slot contains the R-RRI transmission, the test set sets this power to zero. It then averages this power distribution over the entire slot and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. If you add the values for R-Pilot and R-RRI CDP, the result is equal to the Marker Power for Walsh code I:0 SF16 .	R-Pilot channel (I:0 SF16 ) encompasses both I:0 SF32 and I:16 SF32 . The test set measures the power in Walsh codes I:0 SF32 and I:16 SF32 and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. The test set then divides this result by 2 and thus reports the average power for one spread factor 32 Walsh code of the R-Pilot channel. Because R-Pilot is transmitted over an entire slot, this result is equal to the Marker Power for any of the Walsh codes I:0 SF32 and I:16 SF32 .
  R-RRI	The test set measures the power in Walsh code I:0 SF16 during the first 1/8 of the slot. Since the power in the last 7/8 of the slot contains the R-Pilot transmission, the test set sets this power to zero. It then averages this power distribution over the entire slot, and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. If you add the values for R-Pilot and R-RRI CDP, the result is equal to the Marker Power for Walsh code I:0 SF16 .	R-RRI channel (I:4 SF16 ) encompasses both I:4 SF32 and I:20 SF32 . The test set measures the power in Walsh codes I:4 SF32 and I:20 SF32 and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. The test set then divides this result by 2 and thus reports the average power for one spread factor 32 Walsh code of the R-RRI channel. Because R-RRI is transmitted over an entire slot, this result is equal to the Marker Power for any of Walsh codes I:4 SF32 and I:20 SF32 .
  R-DRC	The test set measures the power in Walsh code Q:8 SF16 and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. Because R-DRC is transmitted over an entire slot, this result is equal to the Marker Power for Walsh code Q:8 SF16 .	R-DRC channel (Q:8 SF16 ) encompasses both Q:8 SF32 and Q:24 SF32 . The test set measures the power in Walsh codes Q:8 SF32 and Q:24 SF32 and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. The test set then divides this result by 2 and thus reports the average power for one spread factor 32 Walsh code of the R-DRC channel. Because R-DRC is transmitted over an entire slot, this result is equal to the Marker Power for any of the Walsh codes Q:8 SF32 and Q:24 SF32 .
  R-ACK	R-ACK channel (I:4 SF8 ) encompasses both I:4 SF16 and I:12 SF16 (see Subtype 0 Reverse Channel Walsh Code Distribution ). The test set measures the power in Walsh codes I:4 SF16 and I:12 SF16 during the first 1/2 of the slot. Since the R-ACK doesn't transmit during the second 1/2 of the slot, the test set sets this power to zero. It then averages this power distribution over the entire slot, and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. The test set then divides this result by 2 and thus reports the average power for one spread factor 16 Walsh code of the R-ACK channel. Ideally this value is equal to the Marker Power for Walsh code I:4 SF16 or I:12 SF16 (They will only be equal if the power in Walsh code I:4 SF16 or I:12 SF16 during the second 1/2 of the slot is zero. If there is noise, or some of the R-ACK transmission occurs in the second 1/2 of the slot, then that power will not be measured and included in the CDP result. However the marker power will include this power, since it does not assume the power in the second 1/2 of the slot is zero, but actually measures it.)	The test set measures the power in Walsh code I:12 SF32 during the first half of the slot. Since the power in the last half of the slot contains the R-DSC transmission, the test set sets this power to zero. It then averages this power distribution over the entire slot and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. If you add the CDP values for R-ACK and R-DSC, the result is equal to the Marker Power for Walsh code I:12 SF32 .
  R-Data	R-Data channel (Q:2 SF4 ) encompasses the Q:2 SF16 , Q:6 SF16 , Q:10 SF16 and Q:14 SF16 (see Subtype 0 Reverse Channel Walsh Code Distribution ). The test set measures the power in Walsh codes Q:2 SF16 , Q:6 SF16 , Q:10 SF16 and Q:14 SF16 and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. The test set then divides this result by 4 and thus reports the average power for one spread factor 16 Walsh code of the R-Data channel. Because R-Data is transmitted over an entire slot, this result is equal to the Marker Power for any of the Walsh codes Q:2 SF16 , Q:6 SF16 , Q:10 SF16 and Q:14 SF16 .	The walsh channels allocated to R-Data channel varies based on the R-Data modulation type (see Subtype 2 R-Data Packet Size, Modulation Type and Walsh Codes ). The R-Data channel may consist of 1, 2, or 4 walsh channels: Q:2 SF4 for B4 modulation Q:2 SF4 and I:2 SF4 for Q4 modulation Q:1 SF2 and I:1 SF2 for Q2 modulation Q:2 SF4 , I:2 SF4 , Q:1 SF2 and I:1 SF2 for Q4Q2 or E4E2 modulation The test set measures the code domain power for each of the walsh channels allocated to the R-Data channel. There may have 1, 2, or 4 CDP values. The R-Data CDP value is only displayed for B4 modulation (Q:2 SF4 ). In all other cases, the CDP values are not displayed but used for calculating the total CDP value.
  R-DSC	Not applicable.	The test set measures the power in Walsh code I:12 SF32 during the last half of the slot. Since the power in the first half of the slot contains the R-ACK transmission, the test set sets this power to zero. It then averages this power distribution over the entire slot and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. If you add the values for R-ACK and R-DSC CDP, the result is equal to the Marker Power for Walsh code I:12 SF32 .
  R-Aux Pilot	Not applicable.	The test set measures the power in Walsh code I:28 SF32 and divides by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. Because R-Aux Pilot is transmitted over an entire slot, this result is equal to the Marker Power for Walsh code I:28 SF32 . Note that the R-Auxiliary Pilot channel may not be transmitted. See Auxiliary Pilot Channel Min Payload for details.

• Total CDP (Total Code Domain Power)

  This column indicates the total power in the channel. It is derived mathematically from the CDP column, by multiplying CDP value for each channel by the base SF 16 or 32 and dividing by the SF of the particular channel. So the channel's Total CDP (dB) = CDP (dB) + 10log(Base SF)/SF _ch ).
  For subtype 2 physical layer, R-Data using modulation type other than B4 may comprise two or four walsh channels. The total CDP value for each walsh channel of the R-Data should be converted according to the above formula, then added together to obtain the Total CDP for the R-Data channel. (Note that the interim results, total CDP for each walsh channel of the R-Data, are also used for deriving the Bin Pilot result for that walsh channel of R-Data, see Bin Delta Pilot (only available for subtype 2 physical layer R-Data channel) .)

  Total CDP Calculation

  Reverse Channel	Subtype 0 Physical Layer (Base SF = 16)		Subtype 2 Physical Layer (Base SF = 32)
  	Spread Factor	Value to Add to CDP 10log(Base SF/SF ch ) dB	Spread Factor	Value to Add to CDP 10log(Base SF/SF ch ) dB
  R-Pilot	16	0 dB	16	3.01 dB
  R-RRI	16	0 dB	16	3.01 dB
  R-DRC	16	0 dB	16	3.01 dB
  R-ACK	8	3.01 dB	32	0 dB
  R-Data	4	6.02 dB	Modulation type dependent (see Subtype 2 R-Data Packet Size, Modulation Type and Walsh Codes )	Q:2 SF=4 : add 9.03 dB I:2 SF=4 : add 9.03 dB Q:1 SF=2 : add 12.04 dB I:1 SF=2 : add 12.04 dB
  R-DSC	Not applicable.		32	0 dB
  R-Aux Pilot	Not applicable.		32	0 dB

• Norm Total (Normalized Total Code Domain Power)

  This column is derived mathematically from the Total CDP column, normalizing the power according to the channel's duty cycle (the fraction of a slot that the channel is transmitting). It multiplies the channel's Total CDP by 1 slot and divides by the channel's duty cycle. So the channel's Norm Total CDP (dB) = Total CDP (dB) + 10log(1/Duty Cycle _ch )
  The Norm Total result is equal to the total CDP if the channel's duty cycle is full slot. For example, regardless of the type of the physical layer subtype, the R-Data and R-DRC channes are always transmitted at full slot. So the Norm Total results for the R-Data and R-DRC equal to their Total CDP results.

  Normalized Total CDP Calculation

  Reverse Channel	Subtype 0 Physical Layer		Subtype 2 Physical Layer
  	Duty Cycle (Slot)	Value to Add to Total CDP 10log(1 /Duty Cycle) dB	Duty Cycle (Slot)	Value to Add to Total CDP 10log(1 /Duty Cycle) dB
  R-Pilot	7/8	0.58 dB	1	0 dB
  R-RRI	1/8	9.03 dB	1	0 dB
  R-DRC	1	0 dB	1	0 dB
  R-ACK	1/2	3.01 dB	1/2	3.01 dB
  R-Data	1	0 dB	1	0 dB
  R-DSC	Not applicable.		1/2	3.01 dB
  R-Aux Pilot	Not applicable.		1	0 dB

• Delta Pilot (Normalized Total CDP Relative to R-Pilot)

  The Pilot column compares the Norm Total power of each reverse channel to the Norm Total power of the R-Pilot Channel. It is derived mathematically from the Norm Total column by subtracting the R-Pilot Norm Total power (in dB), from each reverse channel's Norm Total power (in dB). The Pilot results for each reverse channel is required by the code domain power tests as defined in the C.S0033-A test standard (see Key C.S0033 Tests Performed Using the Waveform Quality + Code Domain Measurement ).

  For subtype 2 physical layer, the R-Data channel may comprise one, two or four walsh channels. The R-Data code domain power test as defined in the C.S0033-A 4.8.3.3 not only requires the R-Data Pilot result but also the Pilot results for each walsh channel of R-Data channel. The Pilot results for each walsh channel of R-Data channel is derived by substracting the R-Pilot Norm Total power (in dB), from each walsh channel's Norm Total power (in dB) of R-Data channel. The Pilot results for each walsh channel of R-Data channel can be viewed by placing a marker on the walsh channel belonging to the R-Data channel (see Bin Delta Pilot (only available for subtype 2 physical layer R-Data channel) ).

  Normalized Total CDP Relative to R-Pilot (dB)

  Reverse Channel	Subtype 0 Physical Layer	Subtype 2 Physical Layer
  R-Pilot	This value is always 0 dB.
  R-RRI	Ideally, this value should equal 0 dB because the R-RRI power level should be transmitted at the same power level as the R-Pilot	Ideally, this value should equal Current RRI Channel Gain Pre-Transition or Post-Transition (see RRI Gain Parameters ).
  R-DRC	Ideally, this value should equal DRC Channel Gain (see DRC Channel Gain )	Ideally, this value should equal DRC Channel Gain (see DRC Channel Gain )
  R-ACK	Ideally, this value should equal ACK Channel Gain (see ACK Channel Gain ).	Ideally, this value should equal ACK Channel Gain (see ACK Channel Gain ).
  R-Data	Ideally, this value should equal Data Offset Nom + Data Offset <rate> + Data Channel Gain (see Expected Power ).	Ideally, this value should equal Current TxT2P Pre-Transition or Post-Transition (see Expected Power ).
  R-DSC	Not applicable.	Ideally, this value should equal DSC Channel Gain (see DSC Channel Gain ).
  R-Aux Pilot	Not applicable.	Ideally, this value should equal Auxiliary Pilot Channel Gain + Pilot value of R-Data (see Expected Power ).

Code Domain Power Measurement Results Available for Each Reverse Channel

The code domain power measurement results can be queried by using the commands that refer to code channels by name. The returned results for each code channel are similar to those available from the tabular display on the measurement result screen (see Code Domain Power Tabular Data ).

• FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower:PILot[:REVerse]?
• FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower:ACKChannel[:REVerse]?
• FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower:RRIChannel[:REVerse]?
• FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower:DRCChannel[:REVerse]?
• FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower:DATA[:REVerse]?
• FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower:DATA[:REVerse]:RTPilot? (only useful for subtype 2 physical layer when querying the code domain power of each walsh channel of R-Data relative to R-Pilot channel)
• FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower:DSCChannel[:REVerse]? (only useful for subtype 2 physical layer because DSC channel is only available for subtype 2 physical layer)
• FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower:PILot:AUXiliary[:REVerse]? (only useful for subtype 2 physical layer because R-Aux Pilot channel is only available for subtype 2 physical layer)

Code Domain Power Measurement Results Available by Numbered Bins

The code domain power measurement results can be obtained collectively by I channel and Q channel designation. The measurement results for each bar displayed on I and Q graphs can be queried by bins. The following figure takes subtype 0 reverse channels as an example to show the bin numbering system:

Bin Numbering System

Bins are dynamically allocated to code channels depending upon which code channels are active and the code channel spread factors. For subtype 0 physical Layer , if no channel has spread factor less than 16, 16 I bins and 16 Q bins (numbered 0 to 15) are assigned values. For subtype 2 physical layer , if no channel has spread factor less than 32, 32 I bins and 32 Q bins (numbered 0 to 31) are assigned values. For example, on the Q graph of the figure above, R-Data (Q:2 _SF4 ) occupying four spread factor 16 walsh codes (Q:2 _SF16 , Q:10 _SF16 , Q:6 _SF16 , and Q:14 _SF16 ) is displayed in a contiguous wide bar and assigned to one bin (bin 4). Bins (0, 2, 3 and 5 through 12) that are not active, only contain noise power (yellow bars). Bins 13-15 are unassigned (do not contain any measurement data).

You can query the results for all bins or query the results for a particular bin programmatically.

The following measurement results are returned for each bin.

• Walsh code state: active (1) or inactive (0).
• Walsh code number.
• Spread Factor (SF): See SF (Spread Factor) .
• Bin Power (in dB)

  Bin power is similar to the Marker power. It is the average power over a slot in one Walsh code (SF=16 or 32), divided by the total power in all of the Walsh codes during the same slot. This power level includes any desired signal as well as noise present in the selected Walsh code. The difference between Bin Power and Marker Power is:

  • Marker Power - There are always 16 or 32 marker positions containing measurement results, each position reporting the power for one spread factor 16 or 32 Walsh code.
  • Bin Power - There are often fewer than 16 or 32 bins containing measurement results, and a single bin may report the power for several Walsh codes with spread factor 16 or 32.

  For example, in the figure Bin Numbering System , the SF reported for I channel bin 2 is 8, indicating that two SF 16 Walsh codes are assigned to the bin 2. The bin power returned for I channel bin 2 is the power level of either Walsh code I:12 _SF16 or I:4 _SF16 , which are part of I:4 _SF8

An example return result for FETCh:DOWQuality:CDPower[16]:QCHannel[:ALL]? is shown below. This command always returns 64 comma-separated values (4 results for each of 16 bins). If less than 16 bins are assigned data (due to some Walsh codes with spread factors less than 16), four comma-separated +9.91 E+37 (NAN) values will be returned for each unassigned bin. In other words, after all assigned bin data is reported, a series of +9.91 E+37 values separated by commas will be returned until a total of 64 values have been returned:

 
+0.00000000E+000,+0.00000000E+000,+1.60000000E+001,-3.17802200E+001, 
+1.00000000E+000,+8.00000000E+000,+1.60000000E+001,-4.97573800E+000, 
+0.00000000E+000,+4.00000000E+000,+1.60000000E+001,-3.44952500E+001, 
+0.00000000E+000,+1.20000000E+001,+1.60000000E+001,-3.44952500E+001, 
+1.00000000E+000,+2.00000000E+000,+4.00000000E+000,-1.02941100E+001, 
+0.00000000E+000,+1.00000000E+000,+1.60000000E+001,-4.28410000E+001, 
+0.00000000E+000,+9.00000000E+000,+1.60000000E+001,-4.29233900E+001,
+0.00000000E+000,+5.00000000E+000,+1.60000000E+001,-4.27497100E+001, 
+0.00000000E+000,+1.30000000E+001,+1.60000000E+001,-4.27871900E+001, 
+0.00000000E+000,+3.00000000E+000,+1.60000000E+001,-4.30107000E+001, 
+0.00000000E+000,+1.10000000E+001,+1.60000000E+001,-4.26903300E+001, 
+0.00000000E+000,+7.00000000E+000,+1.60000000E+001,-4.30544700E+001, 
+0.00000000E+000,+1.50000000E+001,+1.60000000E+001,-4.32616100E+001, 
9.91E37,9.91E37,9.91E37,9.91E37,
9.91E37,9.91E37,9.91E37,9.91E37,
9.91E37,9.91E37,9.91E37,9.91E37

Note that four comma-separated +9.91 E+37 (NAN) values are returned for bins 13, 14 and 15. These bins are not assigned and do not contain measurement results (see Bin Numbering System ).

Waveform Quality + Code Domain Input Signal Requirements

Input Signal Requirements

Key C.S0033 Tests Performed Using the Waveform Quality + Code Domain Measurement

4.2.2 Waveform Quality and Frequency Accuracy

4.3.7 RRI Channel Output Power

4.3.8 Code Domain Power

Calibrating the Waveform Quality + Code Domain Measurement

The waveform quality + code domain measurement is automatically calibrated during a channel power calibration. Follow the channel power calibration schedule and the waveform quality + code domain power measurement will be properly calibrated. Refer to Calibrating the Test Set for a description of channel power calibration.

Relationship Between Spread Factors and Walsh Code Space

Spread Factor (SF) is a term which indicates which Walsh code set the Walsh code belongs to. For example, Walsh code 11111111 belongs to Walsh code set 8, and thus is said to have a spread factor of 8. The spread factor also indicates the length of the Walsh code (spread factor 8 indicates the Walsh code is 8 digits in length).

The diagram below shows an example of the Walsh code distribution of the subtype 0 reverse channels.

Subtype 0 Reverse Channel Walsh Code Distribution

Note in the figure above, the R-Data is assigned to use Walsh code 2 with a spread factor of four (W2 _SF=4 ) on the Q channel. Four SF 16 Walsh codes (W2 _SF16 , W6 _SF16 , W10 _SF16 and W14 _SF16 ) are all occupied by Walsh code (W2 _SF=4 ). That is, the R-Data occupies four of 16 code space bars as shown Spread Factor 4 Code Space .

Spread Factor 4 Code Space

Bit reversal

Note the order of the spread factor 16 Walsh codes are shown in 16 Bit Walsh Code Order . This order is derived from applying bit reversal to the decimal numbers 0 to 15. Consider Marker Position 13, which corresponds with Walsh code 11.

16 Bit Walsh Code Order

Marker Position 13 evaluates to a binary coded decimal value of 1101. If you reverse that bit sequence, the resulting pattern is 1011. When 1011 is converted back to a decimal value, the result is Walsh code 11, as shown in Walsh Channel Bit Reversal . This numbering system allows supplemental channels with higher data rates to be displayed as one contiguous block.

Walsh Channel Bit Reversal

Related Topics

Manual Operation: Measuring Waveform Quality + Code Domain Power

Programming a Waveform Quality/Code Domain Measurement

Waveform Quality Measurement Troubleshooting

Reverse Channel Overview

Test Adherence to Standards

C.S0029 Test Application Specification Description (TAP/ETAP/MCTAP)